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O P E N  F O R U M

W H E E L   O F   T I M E

Wheels -spin a tale
Off to Shimla? Well, book a train ticket or just drive. Today, you can choose the mode of transport that suits you best…buses, cars or trains. But there was a time when humans could travel only as far as they could walk. How did the transport system evolve? Step back into the past to see what changed the way we travel.

WHEELS AND BEASTS OF BURDEN
3000 BC 2700 BC 1500 BC 300 BC 200 AD 700 AD
69-1.jpg (4884 bytes)1st known chariot used in Mesopo- tamia (now modern Iraq)
Spoked
wheel
(a major
innovation)
allowed greater
manoeuvrability.		 69-3.jpg (4364 bytes)
Egyptians developed wooden yoke more suited to horses.

 

Techanically

powered

transport

changed the

face of the

transport

industry
Chinese made the breast-collar harnessing system for horses. Used in Europe much later in the 10th century AD. 69-4.jpg (4667 bytes)
Saddles used in Europe.		 Horseshoes used in Europe. New horse drawn carriages designed.
DAWN OF THE MACHINE
1700s 1834 1602-1649 1670 1680
Stagecoaches
popular as public transport. They carried mail and passengers on established routes.		 69-5.jpg (5202 bytes)
Two-wheeled carriage designed and patented by Joseph Hansom.		 69-6.jpg (4895 bytes)1st wooden rails ‘tramways’ were laid down to carry coal. Chinese were using a vehicle powered by steam turbine Isaac Newton suggested the use of steam power for carriages.

NEW AGE VEHICLE
1769 1804 1813 1825 1829

Invention of internal combus-tion  engine is comparable to the invention of wheel because it changed the way we travel.
Nicholas J. Cugnat made a self-pro-pelled vehicle. This machine did not run on rails and may be considered as the origin of the modern car. 69-7.jpg (5036 bytes)
Richard Trevithick designed the first locomotive to run on rails.		 locomotive ‘Puffing Billy’ patented by William Hedley. Used till 1872.
69-8.jpg (5277 bytes)		 69-9.jpg (4610 bytes)
Stokton and Darlington – 1st railway opened. A 40 kilometres long track.		 69-10.jpg (4978 bytes)
Stephenson designs locomotive for Liverpool & Manchester railway. Potential of railways realised.
1860 1876 1888 1892 1813
Jean Lenoir built the internal combustion engine powered by gas. Nikolaus Otto  developed 4-stroke gas engine – predecessor of
modern automobile engines.		 69-11.jpg (5120 bytes)
Frank Sprague built first working electric streetcar system.		 69-121.jpg (5104 bytes)
Rudolf Diesel patented diesel engine. In 1897 built working model.		 1st diesel 69-12.jpg (5127 bytes)
rail car
enters
service
in Sweden

The first train in India was signalled off on April 16th, 1853. A train with 14 carriages and 400 guests left Bombay's Bori Bunder for Thane. The journey took an hour and fifteen minutes.

 

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